Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt

From the first unification under Narmer to the Roman emperors who inscribed their names in hieroglyphs — 230 rulers across 37 dynasties spanning nearly four millennia.

230

Pharaohs

37

Dynasties

11

Eras

36

Notable

Notable only

230 pharaohs

Predynastic

7

Hsekiu

Unknown

Iukha

Unknown

Teyew

Unknown

Thesh, Tesh

Unknown

Niheb

Unknown

Wazner, Wadjenedj

Unknown

Imykhet

Unknown

First Dynasty

8

Menes

2900 BC–?

Hor-Aha

?–2870 BC

Hor-Djer

2870 BC–2823 BC

Wadj, Zet

2822 BC–2815 BC

Dewen, Udimu

2814 BC–2772 BC

Anedjib, Enezib

2771 BC–2764 BC

2763 BC–2756 BC

Kaa

2755 BC–2732 BC

Second Dynasty

11

Hetepsekhemwy, Hotepsekhemui

2730 BC–?

Raneb, Kakau

?–2700 BC

Nynetjer, Banetjer

2700 BC–2660 BC

Unknown

Sened

?–2610 BC

2650 BC–?

Seth-Peribsen, Perabsen

2660 BC–2650 BC

Sekanefer, Neferseka

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

Khasekhemui

2610 BC–2593 BC

Third Dynasty

8

Unknown

Zezer, Zozer

2592 BC–2566 BC

Djosertety, Djoserteti

2565 BC–2559 BC

Unknown

Unknown

Nebkare

Unknown

Neferkare

Unknown

?–2544 BC

Fourth Dynasty

9

Snefru, Snofru

2543 BC–2510 BC

Cheops

2509 BC–2483 BC

Djedefra, Djedefre

2482 BC–2475 BC

Khafre, Chephren

2472 BC–2448 BC

Menkaure, Mykerinos

2447 BC–2442 BC

2441 BC–2436 BC

Baefra, Baufre

2474 BC–2473 BC

Djedefptah, Ptahdjedef

Unknown

Djedefhor

Unknown

Fifth Dynasty

9

2435 BC–2429 BC

Sahure

2428 BC–2416 BC

Neferirkara I Kakai

Neferirkare I

2415 BC–2405 BC

Shepseskara Netjeruser

Shepseskare

Unknown

Neferefre, Raneferef

2403 BC–2403 BC

Niuserre

2402 BC–2374 BC

Horikau, Ikauhor

2373 BC–2366 BC

Djedkare Isesi, Issi

2365 BC–2322 BC

Wenis, Unis

2321 BC–2306 BC

Sixth Dynasty

6

2305 BC–2279 BC

Userkare, Woserkare

Unknown

Pepy I

2276 BC–2228 BC

Merenre I

2227 BC–2217 BC

Pepy II, Neferkare

2216 BC–2153 BC

Merenre II

2152 BC–2152 BC

Eighth Dynasty

17

Netjerikare, Nitocris

Unknown

Menkare

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

Djedkara Shemai

Unknown

Neferkara Khendu

Unknown

Unknown

Seneferka

Unknown

Nikare

Unknown

Neferkara Tereru

Unknown

Unknown

Neferkara Pepiseneb

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

Neferkaure

Unknown

Unknown

Neferirkare II

Unknown

Ninth Dynasty

5

Meribra Khety I

Meribre Khety I

Unknown

Neferkare III

Unknown

Wahkara Khety II

Wahkare Khety II

Unknown

Unknown

Neferkara Khety III

Neferkare Khety I

Unknown

Tenth Dynasty

2

Nebkaura Khety IV

Nebkaure Khety IV, Khety V

2160 BC–2130 BC

Merykare

2075 BC–2040 BC

Eleventh Dynasty

7

Mentuhotep-aa

Unknown

Antef I, Inyotef I

Unknown

Antef II, Inyotef II

2066 BC–2017 BC

Antef III, Inyotef III

2016 BC–2009 BC

Mentuhotep II★

Montuhotep II

2009 BC–1959 BC

Montuhotep III

1958 BC–1947 BC

Montuhotep IV

1947 BC–1940 BC

Twelfth Dynasty

8

Amenemhet I

1939 BC–1910 BC

Senwosret I

1920 BC–1875 BC

Amenemhet II

1878 BC–1843 BC

Senwosret II

1845 BC–1837 BC

Senusret III★

Senwosret III, Sesostris

1837 BC–1819 BC

Amenemhat III★

Amenemhet III

1818 BC–1773 BC

Amenemhet IV

1772 BC–1764 BC

Sobekneferu

1763 BC–1760 BC

Thirteenth Dynasty

6

Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep

1803 BC–1800 BC

Neferhotep I★

Khasekhemre Neferhotep

1742 BC–1731 BC

Khaneferre Sobekhotep

1732 BC–1720 BC

Merhotepre Sobekhotep

1720 BC–1717 BC

1764 BC–1759 BC

Merneferre Ay

1701 BC–1677 BC

Fifteenth Dynasty

4

Hyksos rulers.

Unknown

Khian, Khayan

1621 BC–1581 BC

Apophis, Aweserre

1581 BC–1541 BC

Khamudi

1541 BC–1540 BC

Seventeenth Dynasty

2

Seqenenre Tao

1558 BC–1554 BC

Kamesiu

1555 BC–1550 BC

Abydos (Thinite) Dynasty

4

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

Unknown

Eighteenth Dynasty

15

Amasis, Amosis

1550 BC–1525 BC

Amenophis I

1541 BC–1520 BC

Tuthmosis I, Thutmosis I

1520 BC–1492 BC

Tuthmosis II, Thutmosis II

1492 BC–1479 BC

Hatchepsut

1473 BC–1458 BC

Thutmose III★

Tuthmosis III, Thutmosis III

1479 BC–1425 BC

Amenophis II

1425 BC–1400 BC

Tuthmosis IV, Thutmosis IV

1400 BC–1390 BC

Amenhotep III★

Amenophis III

1390 BC–1352 BC

Amenhotep IV★

Akhenaten, Akhenaton

1352 BC–1334 BC

Neferneferuaten★

Nefertiti, Meritaten

1334 BC–1332 BC

Smenkhare, Smenkare

1332 BC–?

Tutankhamon, King Tut

1332 BC–1323 BC

Aja, Aya

1322 BC–1320 BC

Horemhab, Haremhab

1320 BC–1292 BC

Nineteenth Dynasty

8

Ramses I

1292 BC–1290 BC

Sethos I

1290 BC–1279 BC

Rameses II, Ramses II

1279 BC–1213 BC

Merneptah

1213 BC–1203 BC

Sethos II

1203 BC–1200 BC

Amenmesses, Amenmose

1203 BC–1197 BC

Merenptah Siptah

1197 BC–1191 BC

Tawosret, Twosret

1191 BC–1190 BC

Twentieth Dynasty

10

Setnakhte

1190 BC–1186 BC

Ramesses III★

Rameses III, Ramses III

1186 BC–1155 BC

1155 BC–1149 BC

1149 BC–1145 BC

1145 BC–1137 BC

1137 BC–1130 BC

1130 BC–1129 BC

1129 BC–1111 BC

1111 BC–1107 BC

1107 BC–1077 BC

Twenty-first Dynasty

7

1077 BC–1051 BC

Amenemnisu

1051 BC–1047 BC

1047 BC–1001 BC

1001 BC–992 BC

Osorkon the Elder

992 BC–986 BC

986 BC–967 BC

967 BC–943 BC

Twenty-second Dynasty

10

Sheshonq I, Sheshonk I

943 BC–922 BC

922 BC–887 BC

Sheshonq II

Unknown

885 BC–872 BC

872 BC–837 BC

Sheshonq III

837 BC–798 BC

798 BC–785 BC

785 BC–778 BC

Sheshonq V

778 BC–740 BC

740 BC–720 BC

Twenty-third Dynasty

5

840 BC–815 BC

829 BC–804 BC

798 BC–769 BC

774 BC–759 BC

Rudamon

759 BC–755 BC

Twenty-fifth Dynasty

5

Piankhi, Piankhy

752 BC–721 BC

Sabacon

721 BC–707 BC

Shebitku

707 BC–690 BC

Taharka, Taharqo

690 BC–664 BC

Tantamani

664 BC–656 BC

Twenty-sixth Dynasty

7

Nekao I

Unknown

Psammetichus I

664 BC–610 BC

Nekao II

610 BC–595 BC

Psammetichus II

595 BC–589 BC

Hophra

589 BC–570 BC

Ahmose II

570 BC–526 BC

Psammetichus III

526 BC–525 BC

Twenty-seventh Dynasty

6

First Persian Period (Achaemenid satrapy).

525 BC–522 BC

522 BC–486 BC

486 BC–465 BC

465 BC–424 BC

424 BC–405 BC

405 BC–404 BC

Twenty-eighth Dynasty

1

404 BC–399 BC

Twenty-ninth Dynasty

5

398 BC–393 BC

393 BC–380 BC

393 BC–393 BC

380 BC–380 BC

Unknown

Thirtieth Dynasty

3

380 BC–362 BC

Teos I

362 BC–360 BC

360 BC–343 BC

Thirty-first Dynasty

3

Second Persian Period (Achaemenid satrapy).

343 BC–338 BC

338 BC–336 BC

336 BC–332 BC

Argead Dynasty

2

Alexander the Great★

Alexander III of Macedon

332 BC–323 BC

Alexander IV Aegus

317 BC–309 BC

Ptolemaic Dynasty

13

Ptolemaios Soter

305 BC–285 BC

Ptolemaios Philadelphos

288 BC–246 BC

Ptolemaios Euergetes

246 BC–222 BC

Ptolemaios Philopator

222 BC–204 BC

Ptolemaios Epiphanes

204 BC–180 BC

Ptolemaios Philometor

180 BC–145 BC

Ptolemaios Euergetes Physcon

Several non-consecutive periods

Ptolemaios Soter Lathyrus

Non-consecutive periods

Ptolemaios Alexander

Non-consecutive periods

Ptolemaios Neos Dionysus, Auletes

80 BC–58 BC

Ptolemaios Philopator II

51 BC–47 BC

Cleopatra VII★

Kleopatra, Cleopatra

51 BC–30 BC

Caesarion

44 BC–30 BC

Roman Emperors

17

Imperator Caesar Augustus

27 BC–14 CE

14 CE–37 CE

Gaius Caesar

37 CE–41 CE

41 CE–54 CE

54 CE–68 CE

Vespasian

69 CE–79 CE

79 CE–81 CE

Domitian

81 CE–96 CE

Trajan

98 CE–117 CE

Hadrian

117 CE–138 CE

138 CE–161 CE

Marcus Aurelius

161 CE–180 CE

177 CE–192 CE

Septimius Severus

193 CE–211 CE

198 CE–217 CE

Diocletian

284 CE–305 CE

Maximinus II

311 CE–313 CE